Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is a behaviorism-based therapy primarily used with autistic children. It was developed in the 1960s by Ivar Lovaas at UCLA and is based on B. F. Skinner's principles of operant conditioning. The goal: promote desired behavior through reinforcement, reduce undesired behavior. Therapy often comprises 20-40 hours per week and ideally begins before age 4.
A 2018 study of 460 respondents found that ABA carries the risk of triggering PTSD symptoms. McGill and Robinson (2020) documented reports from autistic adults: forced restraint, punishment through repetition, prohibition of stimming (self-soothing), feeling treated like an animal, loss of self-perception and learned self-rejection. One person reported that the focus on compliance later made it harder to say 'no' to people who harmed them.
Sandoval-Norton et al. criticize that hardly any studies on effectiveness with non-speaking children exist, despite them receiving the longest therapy. Broderick, McGuire and Summers point out that ABA has become a lucrative business where profit interests override the needs of autistic people. The University of Dortmund (2021) sees the problem in Germany primarily in lacking state regulation.
Practical Tips
Learn about the rights of neurodiverse children in Switzerland
Ask therapists about their stance on self-determination and stimming
Read the Wikipedia article on ABA for more background: de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied_Behavior_Analysis
Connect with self-advocacy organizations of autistic people
When choosing a therapist, look for a relationship-oriented, non-behaviorist approach
Science & Heart Intelligence
Humanistic pedagogy according to Amonashvili is based on the conviction that true education happens through the heart. Modern research increasingly confirms this:
HeartMath Institute (2015): Heart coherence studies show that a coherent heart rhythm significantly improves cognitive functions, emotional stability and learning ability in children.
McCraty et al. (2009): The heart has its own neural network ('heart brain') with over 40,000 neurons that processes information independently and influences decisions.
Porges (2011, Polyvagal Theory): Secure attachment and loving attention activate the ventral vagus nerve, directly connected to the heart, promoting learning readiness and social competence.
Amonashvili (Humanistic Pedagogy): Education through the heart means knowledge is conveyed not just intellectually, but through love, empathy and inner resonance – addressing the child as a whole being.
Childre & Martin (2000): Heart intelligence research shows that positive emotions (gratitude, compassion) harmonize the heart's electromagnetic field and measurably affect others – especially children nearby.
"The heart is not just a muscle – it is an organ of perception that connects us to a deeper wisdom." – Shalva Amonashvili
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Important Notice – Not Exhaustive
The content of this guide is for general information and inspiration only. It is not exhaustive and does not constitute medical, therapeutic or legal advice. Every child and family situation is unique.
We recommend consulting a qualified professional for specific questions: mediator, coach, therapist, educator, pediatrician or family counselor. Our content does not replace professional guidance.
Tips & guides are provided by the Humanistic School Switzerland.